The two Prime Ministers reviewed developments since the last Annual Summit and discussed a wide range of areas of cooperation to further enhance the India-Japan Special Strategic and Global Partnership. They recognized that strengthening such strategic and global cooperation between the two countries will be mutually beneficial and contribute to a resilient and prosperous Indo-Pacific and beyond.
In recognition of the strategic salience of the India-Japan partnership in an increasingly volatile and uncertain geopolitical environment, the two Prime Ministers reaffirmed their commitment to developing a mutually complementary relationship. Building upon the success of the 15th India-Japan Annual Summit, they concurred on advancing cooperation based on three priority areas: defence and security cooperation; economic partnership including economic security, energy resilience, technology, and innovation; and people-to-people exchanges. They shared the view that India and Japan are natural and indispensable partners in their efforts to realize respective national interests.
The two Prime Ministers reiterated that as leading democracies and major economies of the world, they have a duty to shape and uphold an international order which is free, open and based on the rule of law. To this end, Prime Minister Modi welcomed the updated "Free and Open Indo-Pacific (FOIP)" and shared that it closely aligns with the Indo-Pacific Oceans' Initiative (IPOI) and Mutual And Holistic Advancement for Security And Growth Across Regions (MAHASAGAR). They reiterated their commitment to further deepen concrete cooperation based on their common strategic outlook.
The two Prime Ministers expressed deep satisfaction that bilateral defence and security cooperation is on an upward trajectory and reaffirmed their commitment to deepening cooperation based on the Joint Declaration on Security Cooperation, adopted at the last Annual Summit. They directed their Ministers to hold the fourth round of the 2+2 Ministerial Meeting in Tokyo by the end of this year. They welcomed the progress made in the cooperation among the respective services, including the successful conduct of the naval exercise "JAIMEX 25", supported by the two services on the Japanese side. India welcomed Japan's participation at the International Fleet Review 2026 held in Vishakhapatnam. They concurred on deepening maritime security cooperation through enhanced exercises, maritime domain awareness using satellite capabilities, naval maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO) cooperation.
Prime Minister Modi welcomed Japan's review of the three principles on the transfer of defence equipment and technology and hoped that it will further deepen defence partnership between the two countries. The two Prime Ministers expressed satisfaction that an agreement has been reached in principle on the remaining technical details regarding the Unified Complex Radio Antenna ("UNICORN") project. They expressed their expectation for an early conclusion of the project and concurred on exploring ways to materialize other projects in the field of defence equipment and technology.
The two Prime Ministers recognized that the current international situation calls for both countries to further promote tangible cooperation in the areas of economic security. They committed to deepening economic security cooperation and developing key initiatives to support a resilient and prosperous region. They reiterated their grave concerns over the use of economic coercion and non-market policies and practices, including arbitrary export restrictions that may lead to supply chain disruptions particularly in critical minerals and critical industrial sectors, and price manipulation. They underscored the importance of diversified, resilient and reliable global supply chains, a fair competitive global environment, and the need to avoid reliance on any one country. They reaffirmed their commitment to promote and protect key technologies while respecting their regulations and related.
Both sides consented to further protecting high technology trade while mutually easing export control challenges. Further, they decided to advance consultations among the relevant Ministries of the two countries. They appreciated the strides made by the two countries based on the Economic Security Initiative, which was launched at the last Annual Summit, including the holding of the inaugural Private-Sector Economic Security Dialogue, and the second round of the Economic Security Dialogue earlier this year. They adopted the India-Japan Joint Declaration on Economic Security Cooperation to further promote project-based collaboration in the key sectors of semiconductors, critical minerals, information and communication technology, clean energy and pharmaceuticals.
Recognizing their shared status as major energy-consuming nations impacted by volatility in global energy markets, the two Prime Ministers underscored the urgency of deepening India-Japan cooperation on energy security. They reiterated the importance of ensuring unimpeded freedom of navigation and uninterrupted flow of global commerce, including through the Strait of Hormuz, and opposing any restrictive measures hampering the flow of commercial vessels. They welcomed the prospects for expanded collaboration across the energy value chain. They reaffirmed their commitment to working together, bilaterally and through multilateral platforms, to enhance the resilience of energy supply chains and to promote stability in global energy markets.
The two Prime Ministers concurred on exploring collaborative opportunities, including joint investments, across the maritime energy transport value chain. They highlighted the importance of regional initiatives to strengthen energy resilience, such as Japan's Partnership On Wide Energy and Resources Resilience (POWERR Asia), India's support to energy security in South Asia, and the Quad Initiative on Indo-Pacific Energy Security. They welcomed the adoption of the Joint Statement on Energy Resilience. They also concurred on strengthening cooperation on strategic petroleum reserves, including through exchange of best practices and technical collaboration on strategic stockpiling ecosystem. Against this backdrop, Prime Minister Takaichi affirmed her support for India's membership to the International Energy Agency (IEA).
The two Prime Ministers concurred on taking forward their partnership in the clean energy sector and appreciated the launch of the India-Japan Cooperative Biogas for Growth Initiative (CBG Initiative) as a new project of India-Japan cooperation to scale up biogas production in light of India's target of establishing 1,000 biogas plants and organic fertilizer plants across India. They welcomed the signing of a Memorandum of Cooperation (MoC) between the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan and the Ministry of Cooperation and the Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying of India. They recognized the importance of hydrogen and ammonia not only for decarbonization but also for enhancing energy security. They reaffirmed to promote the landmark clean ammonia project in Odisha under continued support by both governments. They also acknowledged the importance of promoting clean.
The two Prime Ministers shared the view that promotion of innovation in new technologies, including AI, is crucial to further broadening the base of cooperation. They concurred on the need to enhance national capabilities in AI and strengthen cooperation on trusted and resilient digital infrastructure. They confirmed the necessity to promote innovation through utilization and application of AI technology for the sustainable and inclusive development of AI, including in the area of hard infrastructure, while harnessing opportunities and appropriately mitigating related risks and ensuring a resilient, agile, diverse, and trustworthy AI supply chain in the spirit of the Hiroshima AI Process and the New Delhi Declaration on AI Impact. In this context, they welcomed the convening of the inaugural India-Japan AI Strategic Dialogue and adopted the Joint Statement on AI cooperation, to further.
The two Prime Ministers welcomed the increasing private investment from Japan to India and recognized its contribution to India's national goal of Viksit Bharat. They appreciated the progress made towards the realization of the target of 10 trillion Yen set at the last Annual Summit. They concurred on working towards enhancing the investment environment by utilizing the fast-track mechanism under the India-Japan Industrial Competitiveness Partnership (IJICP). Noting that more than 15 years have passed since the two countries signed the Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) and recognizing the need to enhance and diversify bilateral trade, they concurred on accelerating the review of the implementation as well as full and effective utilization of the CEPA to make it more forward-looking. The Japanese side recognized the facilitation extended to leading Japanese financial.
The two Prime Ministers welcomed the inauguration of the India-Japan SME Forum and the visit of an SME Mission on aeronautical sector from Japan to India. They welcomed the steady progress of various efforts to improve business environment and to enhance network for both Japanese and Indian businesses especially SMEs and startups. Building on the Japan-India Startup Support Initiative (JISSI), they expressed willingness to further encourage participation of Japanese SMEs and startups in the Indian market in collaboration with various universities. They also underscored the importance of greater participation of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) and linkages between Japanese enterprises and India's Tier-II and Tier-III supplier ecosystem. In this context, they reiterated their commitment to facilitate greater investment flows, industrial collaborations and technology.
The two Prime Ministers noted with satisfaction the significant contribution of Japan's development cooperation support to the socio-economic development of India. They welcomed the recent progress on four projects: Mumbai Metro (Line 11), Bengaluru Metro (Phase 3), healthcare delivery and education system in Maharashtra, and sustainable horticulture in Punjab, which will contribute to strengthening connectivity and promoting clean and sustainable socio-economic development. They shared the intention to promote development cooperation in a way that contributes to co-creating economic growth.
